indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
head of family; originator
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
sovereignty; supremacy; dominion
Dragon King; promoted rook
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
rejoicing; glorification; exultation; celebration; enjoyment; singing praises
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
adds force or indicates command
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice