indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
hey!; c'mon!; pushy; overbearing; self-assured
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
instant; moment; for an instant
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
second (unit of time); arc second
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
ripple; ring on the water; repercussions; Japanese slit drum; instrument made of iron with slits on top; makes a rippling sound
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
adds force or indicates command
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case