boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
purity; homogeneity; unadorned
senior high school; high school
pupil in ... year; student in ... year
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
disappointed love; broken heart; unrequited love; being lovelorn
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
old wound; scar; old unpleasant incident; past misdeed
to drag along; to pull; to force someone along; to prolong; to drag out; to influence strongly
consequence; outcome; result; blame
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
cowardly; timid; easily frightened
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
being able to hear something (clearly); clearness of a sound; reputation; renown; impression (that something gives off); respectability
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
ago; since; before; previous
resolute; determined; bold
to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to
type; kind; type (of person); (ideal) type; typewriter; typing
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")