to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
second; secondary; quadratic (function, equation, etc.); second-order
judging; inspection; examination; investigation; review
passing through (a tunnel, station, town, etc.); passing by (e.g. of a typhoon); passage (of a bill, e.g. through parliament); carriage; passing (an examination, inspection, etc.); clearing
congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
congratulation; congratulations; celebration; congratulatory gift; present
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
perfectly; right on the mark; spot on; enough; sufficiently; thoroughly
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
one more time; once more; once again
for your information; I'm telling you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
in this way; thus; such; uh...
colouring; coloring; sex appeal (esp. of women); sexiness; interest in the opposite sex; sexual feelings; charm
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
love; love-making; passion; emotion; affections
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
(someone else's) child; child; kid
treatment; service; handling (of a machine, tool, etc.); operation; treating as; treating like