indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
liking very much; loving (something or someone); adoring; being very fond of
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
dream; dream; hope; unrealistic aspiration; daydream; delusion
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to have an eye on; to zero in on
girl's feeling; maiden's mind
to trample underfoot; to tread on; to crush with a foot
delicacy; tact; sensitivity; consideration; thoughtfulness
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
Moon; month; moonlight; (a) moon; natural satellite
instead of; replacing; on behalf of
punishment (of children); spanking; smacking; criminal punishment (esp. execution; Edo period)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow (i.e. bending of the body); bowing; reward
suffix for familiar person
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
honorific/polite/humble prefix
study; diligence; working hard; experience; knowledge; discount
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
student preparing for or taking examinations (usu. entrance exams); test-taker
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to sell; to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.); to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself; to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.)
quickly; promptly; immediately; indifferently; coldly
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and