classbook; yearbook; graduation album
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
accompanying; travelling together; traveling together; same bank
photographer; cameraman; camera operator; cinematographer
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
check; plaid; checking; monitoring; check (banking); cheque
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
pupil; student; schoolchild
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
different opinion; objection
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be silent; to say nothing
that is to say; so that means
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
how long; how far; how much
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
don't you think?; indicates question
now; the present time; just now; another; more
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up