indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
by means of; due to; because of; according to
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
while; even though; despite
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
devil; evil spirit; genie
tribe; race; group (of people who share a common feature); gang; tribe (taxonomic rank); group (in the periodic table)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
hometown; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to fight against; to oppose; to face
king; king; king (chess piece)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
spear; lance; javelin; lance; (arch.) jeering
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
counterattack; counteroffensive; counterblow
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
though; although; notwithstanding; while; as; at the same time as
close friend; bosom friend; buddy; crony; chum
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
defeating; crushing; smashing; destroying
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
royal capital; imperial capital
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
the ten precepts; Ten Commandments; Decalogue
clanging; empty; deserted
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch