some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
dry riverbed; river beach
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
given that ... it is only natural that ...; ... being the case, it is unavoidable that ...; (precisely) because ...; contrary to expectations ...
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to swoop down upon; to fly down; to alight
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
senior high school student
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
wife; bride; (one's) daughter-in-law
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
wife who is older than her husband
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
attractive; good-looking; stylish; cool; smooth; neat