to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
leading group (of runners in a marathon, etc.); leading pack
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
whole; total; gross; entire; overall; general (election, manager, etc.)
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to be mixed; to be blended with; to associate with; to mingle with; to join
red; crimson; scarlet; Red; communist
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
rock (in rock-paper-scissors); stone; ungh; gulp; rumbling (of an empty stomach); growling
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
tunnel; to tunnel (through a potential barrier); letting a grounder go through one's legs
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
elevation; height above sea level
considerably; greatly; a lot
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
down-train; train heading toward the ending point of its route; down-slope; downward going; downbound (esp. away from Tokyo); downstream
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
even; flat; level; calm; peaceful; uneventful
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you