sum; harmony; peace; Japan; Japanese-style
bowstring; string (of shamisen, guitar, violin, etc.); bail (arched pot handle); diagonal levelling wire across the top of a masu
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
Yue (kingdom in ancient China; 6th C-334 BCE); Vietnam
(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general)
lower back; waist; hips; body (of hair, noodle, paper, etc.); resilience; spring
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to dodge; to evade; to avoid; to sidestep
vivid; bright; brilliant; skillful; skilful; adept
rise; increase; income; takings; completion; end; end result (e.g. of crafts)
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
lead; leading; lead (of a newspaper, etc.); lede; lead (wire); lead (e.g. dog); leash
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
performance; take; game; season; penetrative vaginal sex (with a prostitute); unsimulated sex (in an adult movie)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
second in command (of an army); vice-captain; fourth athlete to compete in a 5-on-5 team competition (kendo, judo, etc.)
first half of the game or match
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
final hand of a game (i.e. south round, fourth hand)
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
senior high school; high school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
top; top position; senior management; senior bureaucrat
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
just before; on the verge of; on the brink of; just in front of; just ahead of
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis