certain; unmistaken; evident; obvious; beyond doubt
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
technology; engineering; technique; skill; art; craft
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
living thing; organism; creature; biology
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
protection; safeguard; guardianship; preservation; conservation
under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of); during (war, occupation, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
observation; survey; watching
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
how; in what way; how about
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?