one (of a pair); incomplete; imperfect; few; little; off-centre
paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa); empress tree; foxglove tree
ear (of a cereal plant); head; point (of a brush, spear, etc.); tip; crest (of a wave); scion (in grafting)
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to concern; to be related
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
incident; affair; happening; event
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
official; formal; formula (e.g. mathematical); official (social media) account (of a company, organization, etc.)
question; inquiry; enquiry
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
manuscript (book); written copy of a book; codex; transcription; copying
study; library; den; home office; reading room
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
carpenter's square; instigation; suggestion
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
arrangement; preparations; search (by police)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
woman; female; feminine gender
shallow; superficial; slight (wound); light (sleep); short (time); early
plan; meter; measuring device; (in) total; total (of)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument); to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis