well then ...; in that situation; in which case
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more
one class; one set; a pair; a suite; a series
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
match; game; bout; contest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
school inter-class ball-game competition
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
shallow river; shallows; flatboat; river boat
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
open; unconcealed; undisguised; broad; lewd; indecent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
old house; deserted house
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
decision of a contest; finals (in sports)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she