this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
just like that; quite so; I agree; (lit.) that street
you (people); gentlemen; ladies and gentlemen; my friends
hello; good day; good afternoon
you (plural); all of you; you all
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
control; management (e.g. of a business)
under (influence, control, conditions, etc. of); during (war, occupation, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
readiness; preparedness; resolution; resignation
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
such; this sort of; like this
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to chip; to be chipped; to be missing (from a set, team, etc.); to be absent; to be lacking (in); to be short (of)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
becoming stereotyped; getting stuck in a rut; humdrum; mannerism (art, etc.)
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to tidy up; to put in order; to settle (problem); to clear (dispute); to finish; to bring something to an end
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
aggression; invasion; raid
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...