teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
position; situation; viewpoint; standpoint; point of view
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
pain; ache; soreness; damage; injury; wear
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
and yet; though; when; in spite of
impertinent; saucy; cheeky; impudent; audacious; cocky
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
black kite (Milvus migrans)
suffix appended to somebody else's family members
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
practice; putting into practice; implementation; praxis (philosophy)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's