indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; flow (of people, things); passage (of time); course (of events); (step-by-step) procedure; group of people who remain together after the end of an event
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
warm; mild; warm (of a colour); mellow; having enough money
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
to feel relieved of one's burden; to have a weight removed from one's mind
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...