a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to go through; to suffer; to experience (something unpleasant)
of course; certainly; naturally
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
it cannot be helped; there's nothing for it; it's no use fighting back; it's hopeless; there is no way out of it
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
keno (casino game); kino (gum, resin); kino (cinema)
between-meal snack; mid-afternoon (around 3 o'clock) snack; afternoon refreshment; afternoon tea
receiving; reception; eating; drinking; please; please do for me
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
son (of others); boy; young master; green young man from a well-to-do family; young man innocent of the ways of the world
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to divide (into); to split (into); to share; to distribute; to distinguish; to discriminate; to break up (a fight)