jpdb beta

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

9

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

4

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

7

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

3

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

2

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

1

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

3

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

1

be; is; did; (have) done; please; do

7

to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)

1

indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very

1

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

6

to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed

2

that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you

1

to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

1

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

2

but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...

1

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

5

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

1

good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

3

this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence

7

Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker

5

to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage

1

to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)

2

until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to

1

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become

1

here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...

2

now; the present time; just now; another; more

1

to; towards; for

1

endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement

1

things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that

1

to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at

1

adds force or indicates command

1

this sort of; this kind of; like this; such

1

to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch

2

human being; human; person; character (of a person)

1

only; nothing but

1

bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly

1

what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few

1

to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry

1

behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)

2

end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once

2

high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)

1

to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think

1

(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally

1

to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry

1

to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do

1

dream

5

lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit

1