yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
running out of battery; battery depletion; going flat; loss of energy; depletion of stamina
to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
(being) out of range (e.g. mobile network, radar, missiles); (being) out of contention; (being) beyond influence
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
in this way; thus; such; uh...
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to condemn; to blame; to urge; to press; to torture; to torment
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
probably isn't (doesn't, won't, etc.); don't (doesn't) intend to; intend not to; must not; (when used in an imperative sentence) don't
sauce; Worcestershire sauce
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use to the full (one's voice, energy, etc.); to muster all of (one's strength, courage, etc.); to summon all of; to exert fully; to strain (one's voice)
email; mail (usu. in compound words); post; message (sent over a chat application); instant message; male
rate; ratio; profit; assignment; 10%; unit of ten percent; match
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
probability; likelihood; chances
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to return; to come back; to turn over; to become extremely; to become completely
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
reply (e.g. email, fax, letter); answer
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
remnant; residue; remaining; left-over
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo