indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished
everyday life; daily life
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
idea; plan; draft; rough copy; expectation; (arch.) desk
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal
sake cup; cup for alcoholic beverages
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to taste; to savor; to appreciate; to enjoy; to experience; to go through
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
matter; thing; affair; circumstance
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
dull; uninteresting; dry; insipid; boring; prosaic
dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!