indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
considerable; great; important; significant; a big deal
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
home area; home town; local
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
stand; rack; support; holder; counter for machines, incl. vehicles; setting (e.g. in jewellery); level (e.g. price level)
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
land route; overland route; by land; overland
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
personal expenses; pocket money; spending money; incidental expenses; allowance
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
curry (esp. Japanese curry); rice and curry
company president; manager; director
it's not like; it isn't as if
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
big mouth; mouth opened wide; boastful speech; tall talk; large amount; large quantity
transactions; dealings; business
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
link; connection; filler; stopgap (job, budget, etc.); thickener (e.g. in cooking); thickening; hedging
such ... as; or some such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
in accordance with; following; roughly; about; Street; Avenue
cargo; freight; money or assets