(arch.) poor; (arch.) unskillful; (arch.) clumsy; I; me
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
master; boss; stable master; craftsman; artisan; (arch.) foster parent
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
honorific/polite/humble prefix
presence (e.g. of an observer); observation; observer; trading session (at an exchange)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
knowing; (an) acquaintance
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
20 years old; (arch.) twenty
Japanese league; ri; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryo system; orig. of 50 homes); unit of area (approx. 654m by 654m)
upper part; upper region; region above
mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger); hollyhock
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
returning to the service of one's master
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at least; at most; (even) just
chair; stool; post; office; position
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
consideration (for); thoughtfulness; solicitude; care; watchfulness; concern
to be greatly obliged; to be very sorry
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
(arch.) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south); (arch.) South-East Asia; (arch.) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies); exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style); (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm); nanban; dish prepared using chili peppers and Welsh onions
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
to suit one's skin (of cosmetics); to agree with one's skin; to be compatible; to get along well; to be to one's liking
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
to desire; to wish; to beg; to request; to have something done for oneself
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least