jpdb beta

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

7

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

7

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

6

be; is

4

I; me; you; manservant

4

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

3

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

3

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

3

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)

3

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

3

honorific/polite/humble prefix

3

something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...

3

mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger); hollyhock

3

indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very

2

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

2

this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence

2

to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till

2

isn't that right?

2

terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)

2

role; assignment; position (of responsibility); post; part (in a play, film, etc.); role

2

we; us

2

delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient

2

sorry; excuse me; thank you

2

evening meal

2

warrior; samurai

2

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

1

thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work

1

that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you

1

to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

1

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

1

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

1

you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...

1

nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible

1

to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience

1

Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker

1

to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage

1

inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during

1

to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)

1

still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least

1

adds force or indicates command

1

that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?

1

but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that

1

to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch

1

to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold

1

indicates question

1

you; dear; honey

1

to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)

1

always; all the time; never; usual; regular

1

together (with); at the same time; in a lump

1