hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to hit; to attack; to bash; to sound out (someone's views); to pound (meat or fish); to chop into small pieces
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
attention; notice; care; caution; advice; warning
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
water (esp. cool or cold); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
to draw (water); to ladle; to pour (into a cup); to drink (together); to consider (feelings, the situation, etc.); to sympathize with
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonsense; no meaning; meaningless
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
cool (temperature, color, etc.); cool (i.e. calm and collected); cool-headed; cool (i.e. fashionable or stylish); course (of medical treatment)
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
(conductor's) baton; beat; measure
suffix appended to someone else's family members
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
(not) even once; (not) ever
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
admission (to a school or university); entrance; enrolment; enrollment; matriculation
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
boy; son; baby boy; young man
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
making a person, pet, etc. wait (before being permitted to do something); postponement; putting on hold