let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
new face; newcomer; rookie; modern humans (from Cro-Magnon man onwards)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
trouble; bother; trouble; difficulty; care; attention
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
to pass (of time); to elapse
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to look down on (someone); to make fun of
still; much more; (not) yet; still a long way to go; still a long way off; not there yet
dangerous; critical; grave; uncertain; unreliable; dodgy
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
to behave; to conduct oneself; to entertain; to treat someone (to a drink); to make tea for someone (tea ceremony)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
temporary; provisional; interim; special; extraordinary; extra
staff member; employee; worker; personnel
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (somebody) for advice
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
together; at the same time; same; identical
charge; duty; person in charge; connection; linking
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
as (for); for; in the capacity of
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
is that so? (generally rhetorical)