senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
sale; selling; selling point; gimmick; seller; vendor
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
weak point; weakness; shortcoming; defect; flaw; sore spot
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see through; to see into (someone's heart, mind, etc.); to perceive; to find out; to detect
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
how (beautiful, etc.); what a ...; nothing worth mentioning; nothing special; of what name
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)
instant; moment; for an instant
incident; affair; happening; event
flash; instant; lightning (speed)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
should; must; -able; probably; likely
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
king (of the senior player)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
close contest; close match; close game; close combat
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to change completely; to change suddenly
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
rapid development; rapid unfolding
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
how; in what way; how about
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
surprise; astonishment; wonder; amazement
development; evolution; expansion; spreading out; expansion (of an algebraic expression); development (of a three-dimensional shape)