indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
roasted sweet potato; baked sweet potato
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to be seized with fear; to be intimidated; to lose one's nerve; to camp (in an online multiplayer game)
to burn; to burn with (emotion, feeling); to be fired up
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
father; dad; husband; you; he
field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
open-air fire (e.g. for garden refuse); bonfire; open fire (e.g. in a kitchen)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
extinguishing; dying out (of a fire); putting out
aromatic (roasted beans, roasted tea, etc.); fragrant (e.g. burning wood); pleasant-smelling; savory-smelling (e.g. barbecued meat); savoury; appetizing
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
family; members of a family
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
in that way; thus; so; so?
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
piece(s) of firewood (esp. chopped or split from logs); kindling (twigs, branches, etc.); firewood
picking up; someone who picks up things; type picking (letterpress printing); walking (of an aristocrat)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo