time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
change; alteration; modification
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to plan; to form a plan; to scheme; to envision; to intend to do
time; hour; period; class
going upstream; sailing against the current
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
to be destroyed; to perish; to go out (e.g. fire); to destroy; to get rid of; to extinguish
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
sword; dagger; knife; bayonet
than; from; out of; except; but; more
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
life or death struggle; mortal combat; struggle to the death
to unfold; to unroll; to open
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); proprietress; (arch.) entertaining someone as one's guest
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
holiday; day off; sleep; rest; Good night
please (give me); please (do for me)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
is something wrong?; what's wrong?; what's the matter?; slightest; mere; trivial
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability