indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
family vacation; family trip
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
older sister; lass; young lady
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
traveling expenses; travelling expenses; carfare
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hotel charge; lodging expense
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
once; for a short time; briefly; (arch.) one morning
gas (state of matter, e.g. poison gas, natural gas); gasoline; gas; dense fog; thick fog; gas stove
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
all; entire; whole; altogether
to collect; to put (it all) together; to summarize; to aggregate; to bring to a conclusion; to finalize
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
understood; I see; OK; present; here
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good