indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...