box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; living; I; me; student
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
chilly; unpleasantly cold
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; season; period; phase; stage
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
parking lot; car park; carpark; parking garage
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
staff; member (club, society, etc.)
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
root (of a plant); root (of a tooth, hair, etc.); center (of a pimple, etc.); root (of all evil, etc.); source; one's true nature
educational institution; school; academy; campus
bicycle racing; cycle sport
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
last run (of a train); last race; retirement race
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
to fall over; to fall down; to fall; to flop (e.g. of a play); to be a flop
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?