indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
on good terms with; on cordial terms with; getting along well with; to make friends with; to be good friends with; to get along with
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
suffix for familiar person
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
seven wonders (of a particular area); total mystery; enigma; conundrum
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
stairs; stairway; staircase
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice