yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
city; Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
club activities; extracurricular activities
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to the limit; to the full; as much as possible; with all one's might
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
supplementary examination
success; passing (e.g. exam); eligibility
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
one o'clock; once; at one time; for a time; for a while; a time
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); assistance; help; effects; influence
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
(in a) long time; long time (ago); while (ago); long ago; long while (ago); (in a) long while
to one's heart's content; as much as one wants; as hard as one can; resolution; decisiveness; determination
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
image; figure; figure; form; image
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest