indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day (as in holiday); daytime
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ingredient; component; composition
eager; earnest; strenuous; fervent; assiduous; with utmost effort
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
opening (one's mouth) wide; saying "aah"; crying loudly; wailing; bawling
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
in that way; thus; so; so?
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
now; the present time; just now; another; more
in this way; thus; such; uh...