to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
how; in what way; by what means
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
occasionally; once in a while; now and then; rarely; seldom
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to inform; to notify; to know; to reign
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to feel irritated; to feel offended; to feel angry; to feel sick; to feel nauseous
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to feel nervous; to feel afraid; to be startled; to be surprised; (arch.) to be shy; (arch.) to be bashful
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
rather; sooner; preferably
husband and wife; married couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
being on duty; person on duty