indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
gem; jewel; precious stone
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
suffix for familiar person
in this way; thus; such; uh...
hurray; hooray; go!; you can do it!
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
ruby; ruby character; small hiragana or katakana readings of kanji usually above or to the side of the kanji (esp. used by printers and in ref. to printed material); Ruby (programming language)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
homework; assignment; pending issue; unresolved problem; open question
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
(some) more; even more; longer; further
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
piece; fragment; one (object)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others