indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
very; greatly; much; just about to; almost; very nearly
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
departure; departing (from ...); sending; sent (by ...); engine; counter for gunshots, bursts of gas, etc.
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
surely; certainly; without doubt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others