hateful; abominable; poor-looking; amazing; fantastic; admirable
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
frustrated (over a failure, humiliation or injustice); annoyed; chagrined; (bitterly) disappointed; bitter; vexed
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?
my; one's own; I ...; one ...
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
bottomless; endlessly deep; infinite
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to throw oneself (e.g. off a cliff, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
setting sail; putting out to sea; starting anew; embarking on something new
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
while; during; while; although; all; both
to peek (through a keyhole, gap, etc.); to look down into (a ravine, etc.); to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.); to sneak a look at; to take a quick look at; to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.); to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
among these; between these; of these; in here; in this
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
until now; so far; up to the present
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drift; to float; to waft (e.g. a scent); to hang in the air; to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood); to wander; to walk around aimlessly
to say; to be called; to do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also