this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
holding a castle (during a siege); holing up; confinement (to one's home); staying at home; staying indoors
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
while; during; while; although; all; both
splendid; magnificent; utter (esp. defeat); total; (arch.) something worth seeing; (arch.) sight
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
(one's) inner voice; voice of one's heart; what one really thinks
garlic chives (Allium tuberosum); Chinese chives; Chinese leek
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
bamboo (any grass of subfamily Bambusoideae); middle (of a three-tier ranking system)
location famous for production of something (usually food)
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
gap; space; break; interlude; chink (in one's armor, armour); chance
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no!; no no!; no, not at all
carelessness; inattention; thoughtlessness
thing that should be (carefully) avoided; no-no; thing to definitely not do; something forbidden; taboo
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
perhaps; possibly; by some chance; by some possibility
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to attack; to assault; to assail
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
certainly; surely; definitely
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!