(arch.) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south); (arch.) South-East Asia; (arch.) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies); exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style); (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm); nanban; dish prepared using chili peppers and Welsh onions
grey wall covering material (gray)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
bowl; vessel; container; ability; capacity; calibre
rice bowl; tea cup; teacup
Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
man of refined tastes; refined person; tea ceremony master; lewd man; lecher
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
exactly; surely; right then; just then; just (about to); on the verge (of doing or happening)