indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ticktock; chinking (e.g. of a hammer against rock); knocking; dry and hard; (frozen) stiff; hidebound
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rabbit; hare; coney; cony; lagomorph (esp. leporids)
opium poppy (Papaver somniferum)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
timid; weak-kneed; fainthearted; bearish (e.g. market)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
whole book (volume); complete episode
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ground cherry (Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii); husk tomato; Chinese lantern plant; children's noisemaking toy
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
suffix for familiar person
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
look here; I say; well; I know what; I'll tell you what; just a minute
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
gender; distinction of sex; sex
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
vengeance; revenge; retaliation
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
establishment; creation; posing (a problem); options setting; preference settings; configuration