this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
representation; representative; exemplification; typification; leader; switchboard number
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
you (people); gentlemen; ladies and gentlemen; my friends
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; preliminary selection; screening (e.g. of applicants); provisional election
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
to advance to the next stage (e.g. in a tournament)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
what kind of; what sort of; what
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
such ... as; or some such
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to let (someone) hear; to tell (e.g. a story); to make (someone) listen; to make (someone) understand; to grip (someone) with skilful singing, storytelling, etc.; to hold (someone) enchanted by