if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
opening (one's mouth) wide; saying "aah"; crying loudly; wailing; bawling
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
ji (ancient Chinese halberd)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
staying up late; keeping late hours; sitting up late at night; nighthawk
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
sleepy; drowsy; somnolent
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to ask elsewhere; to try another (store, service, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
harvest; crop; ingathering; fruits (of one's labors); gain; result