indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yawn; yawning; kanji "yawning" radical (radical 76)
sleepy; drowsy; somnolent
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
middle of the night; dead of night
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
unrequited love; one-sided love
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
refreshingly; with a feeling of relief; shapely; neatly; cleanly; without trouble; clearly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
grateful; thankful; welcome; appreciated; evoking gratitude
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing