here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
time; hour; period; class
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to bend; to curve; to bend (the truth); to falsify; to corrupt; to sully
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
collapse; crumbling; breaking down; (radioactive) decay; disintegration
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
should; must; -able; probably; likely
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
filthy; dirty (looking); drab
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
magician; wizard; sorcerer; witch
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
to hurt; to ache; to feel a pain; to be injured; to be spoiled (e.g. food); to be damaged
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly