senior high school; high school
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
honorific/polite/humble prefix
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
knowing; (an) acquaintance
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
native Japanese reading of a Chinese character; precept; lesson; one's teachings
independence; self-reliance
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
(another's) daughter; young lady (of pampered upbringing); woman who has never known hardship; naive woman
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
please (give me); please (do for me)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
deep (colour); dark; strong (flavour, smell, etc.); thick (consistency); dense; strong (possibility, etc.)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
myself; yourself; I; me; you