indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
negotiations; bargaining; discussions; connection; relationship; relations
breakdown (of talks, negotiations, etc.); breaking off; rupture
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
government forces; government troops
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
guerrilla; guerrilla warfare; sudden
majority group (party, faction)
arms; armament; taking up arms; arming oneself
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
assault; outrage; act of violence; rape (by force); sexual assault
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
abuse; ill-treatment; maltreatment; mistreatment; cruelty
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
large number (of); many; majority
witnessing; observing; sighting
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
in the city; within the city
emergency; extreme; great; extraordinary
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
suburb; residential area on the outskirt of a city; commuter belt
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
wounded person; injured person
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial; rehearsal