where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
suffix for familiar person
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
as a child; when one was a child; childhood
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
weather; climatic conditions; fine weather; clear day; situation; state of affairs
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo