so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
being full; (counting) completed years (e.g. when calculating age); full (years, months, etc.); Manchuria
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
bath; bathing; bathhouse; public bath; room for drying lacquerware; base (wooden joint connecting the blade of a hoe, spade, etc., to the handle)
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
adds force or indicates command
summer vacation; summer holiday
homework; assignment; pending issue; unresolved problem; open question
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
picture; drawing; painting; image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to knead; to thicken into a paste (stirring over a flame); to polish (a plan, etc.); to refine; to train; to drill; to gloss (silk)
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
older sister; lass; young lady
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
ripening (of a crop); crop; harvest