at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
apiece; each; at a time; piecemeal
both sides; two sides; double-sided
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
to break; to fracture; to fold; to bend; to make (origami); to interrupt
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
order; turn; sorting; obedient; docile; submissive
up and down, left and right; top and bottom, left and right
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
form; shape; figure; visage
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper); (arch.) counter for positions or roles; (arch.) counter for food portions (now only gyōza and soba); counter for ranking level
to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to overlap (each other); to occur at the same time
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
three sides; small offering stand
cutting (cloth, paper); judgement; judgment; decision
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that is to say; that is; in short; in brief; clogging; obstruction; shrinkage
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
to reach; to amount to; to be up to the task; to come up to; to compare with; to be a match (for)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
opportunity; chance; folding; fold; small food box (wooden or cardboard); folding in ... (two, three, etc.); counter for folded items
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
to tie up in a bundle (e.g. straw, hair, bills, letters); to bundle; to govern; to manage; to fold (one's arms); to put together (one's hands)
one copy (of a book, magazine, etc.); one volume
book; volume; this; present; main; head
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)